| What are the ethical criteria in judging corruption? |
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• Justice: Justice promotes fairness and diminishes the gap between the poor and the rich. Heavy corruption widens the gap between the poor an the rich. • Equality: Equality means equal rights for everyone. Bribes often pervert the rights of the weaker who do not have the means to bribe or can not get justice in front of corrupt courts. • Truth: one of the motivations that lead to corruption is always the fear of truth – which very often leads to perverting the laws and to violent actions. • Freedom: Corruption creates an obscure tangle of independences and blackmailing opportunities and thus compromises political freedom in the sense of perceiving civil rights and duties and forestalls the respect for human rights. • Productivity and work: Corruption replaces economic performances and achievements by theft. It distorts the market, because it does not reward achievements, but existing power structures. • Participation: Corruption is based upon controls that contradict transparency and participation of the public. To be able to participate in decision- making processes presupposes transparent information. •Human rights: Corruption prevents the individual from getting his/her lawfully entitled rights, as they have to be bought separately. • Self- interest against common good: Corruption in form of abuse of public or private power for private use puts first self interests in front of the common good. |



